Electric-Bass - Frogtoon Music

Frogtoon Music - Genre information for Electric-Bass

This Tag Can Be Used To Tag Songs Artists Albums And Performances That Use The Electric Bass Both Fretted And Fretless. From Wikipedia The Electric Bass Guitar 1 Also Called Electric Bass 2 3 4 Or Simply Bass Pronounced /ˈbeɪs/ As In "base" Is A Stringed Instrument Played Primarily With The Fingers Either By Plucking Slapping Popping Or Tapping Or Using A Pick. The Bass Is Similar In Appearance And Construction To An Electric Guitar But With A Larger Body A Longer Neck And Scale Length And Usually Four Strings Tuned To The Same Pitches As Those Of The Double Bass 5 Or One Octave Lower In Pitch Than The Four Lower Strings Of A Guitar E A D And G . 6 In Order To Avoid The Excessive Use Of Ledger Lines Bass Guitar Is Notated In Bass Clef An Octave Higher Than The Sound It Makes. Like The Electric Guitar The Electric Bass Guitar Is Usually Plugged Into An Amplifier And Speaker For Live Performances. Since The 1950s The Electric Bass Guitar Has Largely Replaced The Double Bass In Popular Music. The Bass Guitar Provides The Low-Pitched Basslines And Bass Runs In Many Different Styles Of Music Ranging From Rock And Metal To Blues And Jazz. It Is Also Used As A Soloing Instrument In Jazz Fusion Latin Funk And Rock Styles. History 1930s In The 1930s Inventor Paul Tutmarc From Seattle Washington Developed The First Guitar-Style Electric Bass Instrument That Was Fretted And Designed To Be Held And Played Horizontally. The 1935 Sales Catalog For Tutmarc's Company Audiovox Featured His "electronic Bass Fiddle " A Four Stringed Solid Bodied Fretted Electric Bass Guitar With A 30½-Inch Scale Length. 7 The Change To A "guitar" Form Made The Instrument Easier To Hold And Transport And The Addition Of Guitar-Style Frets Enabled Bassists To Play In Tune More Easily And Made The New Electric Bass Easier To Learn. However Tutmarc's Inventions Never Caught The Public Imagination And Little Further Development Of The Instrument Took Place Until The 1950s. 1950s–1960s In The 1950s Leo Fender With The Help Of His Employee George Fullerton Developed The First Mass-Produced Electric Bass. 8 His Fender Precision Bass Introduced In 1951 Became A Widely Copied Industry Standard. The Precision Bass Or "P-Bass" Evolved From A Simple Uncontoured "slab" Body Design Similar To That Of A Telecaster With A Single Coil Pickup To A Contoured Body Design With Beveled Edges For Comfort And A Single Four-Pole "single Coil Pickup." This "split Pickup" Introduced In 1957 Appears To Have Been Two Mandolin Pickups Fender Was Marketing A Four String Solid Body Electric Mandolin At The Time . Because The Pole Pieces Of The Coils Were Reversed With Respect To Each Other And The Leads Were Also Reversed With Respect To Each Other The Two Coils Wired In Series Produced A Humbucking Effect The Same Effect Is Achieved If The Coils Are Wired In Parallel . Monk Montgomery Was The First Bass Player To Tour With The Fender Bass Guitar With Lionel Hampton's Postwar Big Band. 9 Roy Johnson Who Replaced Montgomery In Hampton's Band And Shifty Henry With Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five Were Other Early Fender Bass Pioneers. 8 Bill Black Playing With Elvis Presley Adopted The Fender Precision Bass Around 1957. 10 Following Fender's Lead Gibson Released The Violin-Shaped EB-1 Bass In 1953 11 Followed By The More Conventional-Looking EB-0 Bass In 1959. As With Fender's Designs Gibson Relied Heavily Upon An Existing Guitar Design For This Bass The EB-0 Was Very Similar To A Gibson SG In Appearance Although The Earliest Examples Have A Slab-Sided Body Shape Closer To That Of The Double-Cutaway Les Paul Special . Whereas Fender Basses Had Pickups Mounted In Positions In Between The Base Of The Neck And The Top Of The Bridge Many Of Gibson's Early Basses Featured One Humbucking Pickup Mounted Directly Against The Neck Pocket. The EB-3 Introduced In 1961 Also Had A "mini-Humbucker" At The Bridge Position. Gibson Basses Also Tended To Be Smaller Sleeker Instruments Gibson Did Not Produce A 34" Scale Bass Until 1963 With The Release Of The Thunderbird Which Was Also The First Gibson Bass To Utilize Dual-Humbucking Pickups In A More Traditional Position About Halfway Between The Neck And Bridge. A Small Number Of Other Companies Also Began Manufacturing Bass Guitars During The 1950s Kay In 1952 And Danelectro In 1956 10 Rickenbacker And Höfner Also Produced Models. With The Explosion Of The Popularity Of Rock Music In The 1960s Many More Manufacturers Began Making Bass Guitars. First Introduced In 1960 The Fender Jazz Bass Was Known As The Deluxe Bass And Was Meant To Accompany The Jazzmaster Guitar. The Jazz Bass Often Referred To As A "J-Bass" Featured Two Single-Coil Pickups One Close To The Bridge And One In The Precision Bass' Split Coil Pickup Position And Was Designed By Leo Fender To Be An Easier Bass For A Guitarist To Play Than The Existing Precision Bass Due To The Narrower Nut Noted Later . The Earliest Production Basses Had A 'stacked' Volume And Tone Control For Each Pickup. This Was Soon Changed To The Familiar Configuration Of A Volume Control For Each Pickup And A Single Passive Tone Control. The Jazz Bass' Neck Was Narrower At The Nut Than The Precision Bass 1½" Versus 1¾" . Another Visual Difference That Set The Jazz Bass Apart From The Precision Is Its "offset-Waist" Body. Pickup Shapes On Electric Basses Are Often Referred To As "P" Or "J" Pickups In Reference To The Visual And Electrical Differences Between The Precision Bass And Jazz Bass Pickups. Fender Also Began Production Of The Mustang Bass A 30" Scale Length Instrument Used By Bassists Such As Tina Weymouth Of Talking Heads "P" And "J" Basses Have A Scale Length Of 34" A Design Echoed On Most Current Production Electric Basses Of All Makes . In The 1950s And 1960s The Bass Guitar Was Often Called The Fender Bass Due To Fender's Early Dominance In The Market For Mass-Produced Bass Guitars. The Term Electric Bass Began Replacing Fender Bass In The Late 1960s However As Evidenced By The Title Of Carol Kaye's Popular Bass Instructional Book In 1969 How To Play The Electric Bass 12 The Instrument Is Also Referred To As An Electric Bass Guitar Electronic Bass Or Simply Bass. 1970s The 1970s Saw The Founding Of Music Man Instruments Owned By Leo Fender Which Produced The StingRay The First Widely-Produced Bass With Active Powered Electronics. This Amounts To An Impedance Buffering Pre-Amplifier On-Board The Instrument To Lower The Output Impedance Of The Bass's Pickup Circuit Increasing Low-End Output And Overall Frequency Response More Lows And Highs . Specific Models Became Identified With Particular Styles Of Music Such As The Rickenbacker 4001 Series Which Became Identified With Progressive Rock Bassists Like Chris Squire Of Yes While The StingRay Was Used By Louis Johnson Of The Funk Band The Brothers Johnson. In 1971 Alembic Established The Template For What Would Subsequently Be Known As "boutique" Or "high End" Electric Bass Guitars. These Expensive Custom-Tailored Instruments Featured Unique Designs Premium Wood Bodies Chosen And Hand-Finished By Highly Skilled Luthiers Onboard Electronics For Preamplification And Equalization And Innovative Construction Techniques Such As Multi-Laminate Neck-Through-Body Construction And Graphite Necks. In The Mid-1970s Alembic And Other "boutique" Bass Manufacturers Such As Tobias And Ken Smith Produced 4- String Basses And 5-String Basses With A Low "B" String. In 1975 Bassist Anthony Jackson Http //www.Last.Fm/tag/anthony Jackson Commissioned Luthier Carl Thompson To A 6-String Bass Tuned Low To High B E A D G C. 1980s–2000s In The 1980s Bass Designers Continued To Explore New Approaches. Ned Steinberger Introduced A Headless Bass In 1979 And Continued His Innovations In The 1980s Using Graphite And Other New Materials And In 1984 Introducing The Trans-Trem Tremolo Bar. In 1987 The Guild Guitar Corporation Launched The Fretless Ashbory Bass Which Used Silicone Rubber Strings And A Piezoelectric Pickup To Achieve A "double Bass" Sound With A Short 18" Scale Length. In The Late 1980s MTV's "Unplugged" Show Helped To Popularize Hollow-Bodied Acoustic Bass Guitars Amplified With Pickups. During The 1990s As Five-String Basses Became More Widely Available And More Affordable An Increasing Number Of Bassists In Genres Ranging From Metal To Gospel Began Using Five-String Instruments For Added Lower Range. As Well The Onboard Battery-Powered Electronics Such As Preamplifiers And Equalizer Circuits Which Were Previously Only Available On Expensive "boutique" Instruments Became Increasingly Available On Modestly Priced Basses. In The 2000s Some Bass Manufacturers Included Digital Modelling Circuits Inside The Instrument To Recreate Tones And Sounds From Many Models Of Basses E.G. Line 6's Variax Bass . Traditional Bass Designs Such As The Fender Precision Bass And Fender Jazz Bass Remain Popular In The 2000s In 2006 A 60th Anniversary P-Bass Was Introduced By Fender Along With The Introduction Of The Fender Jaguar Bass. A Wide Variety Of Different Options Are Available For The Body Neck Pickups And Other Features Of The Bass. Instruments Handmade By Highly Skilled Luthiers Are Becoming Increasingly Available. Bass Bodies Are Typically Made Of Wood Although Other Materials Such As Graphite For Example Some Of The Steinberger Designs Have Also Been Used. While A Wide Variety Of Woods Are Suitable For Use In The Body Neck And Fretboard Of The Bass Guitar – The Most Common Type Of Wood Used For The Body Is Alder For The Neck Is Maple And For The Fretboard Is Rosewood. Other Commonly Used Woods Include Mahogany Maple Ash And Poplar For Bodies Mahogany For Necks And Ebony For Fretboards. The Choice Of Body Material And Shape Can Have A Significant Impact On The Timbre Of The Completed Instrument As Well As On Aesthetic Considerations. Other Design Options Include Finishes Such As Lacquer Wax And Oil Flat And Carved Designs Luthier-Produced Custom-Designed Instruments Headless Basses Which Have Tuning Machines In The Bridge Of The Instrument E.G.Steinberger And Hohner Designs And Several Artificial Materials Such As Luthite. The Use Of Artificial Materials Allows For Unique Production Techniques Such As Die-Casting To Produce Complex Body Shapes. While Most Basses Have Solid Bodies They Can Also Include Hollow Chambers To Increase The Resonance Or Reduce The Weight Of The Instrument. Some Basses Are Built With Entirely Hollow Bodies Which Changes The Tone And Resonance Of The Instrument. Acoustic Bass Guitars Are Typically Equipped With Piezoelectric Or Magnetic Pickups And Amplified. Bass Guitar Necks Which Are Longer Than Regular Electric Guitar Necks Are Generally Made Of Maple. More Exotic Woods Include Bubinga Wenge Ovangkol Ebony And Goncalo Alves. Graphite Or Carbon Fiber Are Used To Make Lightweight Necks 13 And In Some Cases Entire Basses. 14 Exotic Woods Are Used On More Expensive Instruments For Example The Company 'Alembic' Is Associated With The Use Of Cocobolo As A Body Material Or Top Layer Because Of Its Attractive Grain. Warwick Bass Guitars Are Also Well-Known For Exotic Hardwoods Most Of The Necks Are Made Of Ovangkol And The Fingerboards Wenge Or Ebony. Solid Bubinga Bodies Are Also Used For Tonic And Aesthetic Qualities. The "long Scale" Necks Used On Leo Fender's Basses Giving A Scale Length Distance Between Nut And Bridge Of 34" Remain The Standard For Electric Basses. However 30" Or "short Scale" Instruments Such As The Höfner Violin Bass Played By Paul McCartney And The Fender Mustang Bass Are Popular Especially For Players With Smaller Hands. While 35" 35.5" And 36" Scale Lengths Were Once Only Available In "boutique" Instruments In The 2000s Many Manufacturers Have Begun Offering These Lengths Also Called An "extra Long Scale." This Extra Long Scale Provides A Higher String Tension Which Yields A More Defined Tone On The Low "B" String Of 5- And 6-Stringed Instruments Or Detuned 4-String Basses . Fretted And Fretless Basses Another Design Consideration For The Bass Is Whether To Use Frets On The Fingerboard. On A Fretted Bass The Frets Divide The Fingerboard Into Semitone Divisions As On A Normal Guitar . The Original Fender Basses Had 20 Frets But Modern Basses May Have 24 Or More. A Fretless Bass With Flatwound Strings Note The Markers On The Side Of The Fingerboard To Aid The Performer In Finding The Correct Pitch. Fretless Basses Have A Distinct Sound Because The Absence Of Frets Means That The String Must Be Pressed Down Directly Onto The Wood Of The Fingerboard. The String Buzzes Against The Wood As With The Double Bass Creating A "mwaah" Sound. The Fretless Bass Allows Players To Use The Expressive Devices Of Glissando Vibrato And Microtonal Intonations Such As Quarter Tones And Adjust Intonation. Some Bassists Use Both Fretted And Fretless Basses In Performances According To The Type Of Material They Are Performing. While Fretless Basses Are Often Associated With Jazz And Jazz Fusion Bassists From Other Genres Use Fretless Basses Such As Metal Bassist Steve DiGiorgio. The First Fretless Bass Guitar Was Made By Bill Wyman In 1961 When He Converted An Inexpensive Japanese Fretted Bass By Removing The Frets. 15 16 The First Production Fretless Bass Was The Ampeg AUB-1 Introduced In 1966 And Fender Introduced A Fretless Precision Bass In 1970. In The Early 1970s Fusion Jazz Bassist Jaco Pastorius Created His Own Fretless Bass By Removing The Frets 17 From A Fender Jazz Bass Filling The Holes With Wood Putty And Coating The Fretboard With Epoxy Resin. 18 Some Fretless Basses Have "fret Line" Markers Inlaid In The Fingerboard As A Guide While Others Only Use Guide Marks On The Side Of The Neck. Tapewound Double Bass Type And Flatwound Strings Are Sometimes Used With The Fretless Bass So That The Metal String Windings Will Not Wear Down The Fingerboard. Some Fretless Basses Have Fingerboards Which Are Coated With Epoxy To Increase The Durability Of The Fingerboard Enhance Sustain And Give A Brighter Tone. Although Most Fretless Basses Have Four Strings Five-String And Six-String Fretless Basses Are Also Available. Fretless Basses With More Than Six Strings Are Also Available As "boutique" Or Custom-Made Instruments. Strings And Tuning
Main Article Bass Guitar Tuning The Standard Design For The Electric Bass Guitar Has Four Strings Tuned E A D And G In Fourths Such That The Open Highest String G Is An Eleventh An Octave And A Fourth Below Middle C Making The Tuning Of All Four Strings The Same As That Of The Double Bass. This Tuning Is Also The Same As The Standard Tuning On The Lower Four Strings On A 6-String Guitar Only An Octave Lower. String Types Include All-Metal Strings Roundwound Flatwound Groundwound Or Halfwound Metal Strings With Different Coverings Such As Tapewound And Plastic-Coatings. The Variety Of Materials Used In The Strings Gives Bass Players A Range Of Tonal Options. In The 1950s Bassists Often Used Flatwound Strings With A Smooth Surface Which Had A Smooth Damped Sound Reminiscent Of A Double Bass. In The 1960s And 1970s Roundwound Bass Strings Similar To Guitar Strings Became Popular. Roundwounds Have A Brighter Timbre With Greater Sustain Than Flatwounds. Flatwounds Are Still Used By Some Bassists Who Want A More 'vintage' Or Motown-Style Sound. A Number Of Other Tuning Options And Bass Types Have Been Used To Extend The Range Of The Instrument. The Most Common Are * Four Strings With Alternate Tunings To Obtain An Extended Lower Range. 19 * Five Strings Usually Tuned B-E-A-D-G Which Provides Extended Lower Range. Five String Basses Tuned To B-E-A-D-G And Sometimes A-D-G-C-F Are Often Used In Contemporary Rock And Metal Alongside Seven String Guitars Baritone Guitars And Otherwise Downtuned Instruments. Another Common Tuning Used On Early 5 String Basses Is E-A-D-G-C Known As "tenor Tuning". This Is Still A Popular Tuning For Jazz And Solo Bass. Other Tunings Such As C-E-A-D-G Are Used Though Rare. The 5th String Provides A Greater Lower Or Upper Range Than The 4-String Bass And Gives Access To More Notes For Any Given Hand Position. * Six Strings Are Usually Tuned B-E-A-D-G-C. The 6-String Bass Is A 4-String Bass With An Additional Low "B" String And A High "C" String. While Much Less Common Than 4- Or 5-String Basses They Are Still Used In Latin Jazz And Several Other Genres As Well As In Studio Work Where A Single Instrument Must Be Highly Versatile. Alternate Tunings For 6-String Bass Include B-E-A-D-G-B Matching The First Five Strings Of An Acoustic Or Electric Guitar And EADGBE Completely Matching The Tuning Of A 6-String Guitar But One Octave Lower Allowing The Use Of Guitar Chord Fingerings. Rarer Tunings Such As EADGCF And F#BEADG Provide A Lower Or Higher Range In A Given Position While Maintaining Consistent String Intervals. * Detuners Such As The Hipshot Are Mechanical Devices Operated By The Thumb On The Fretting Hand That Allow One Or More Strings To Be Quickly Detuned To A Pre-Set Lower Pitch. Hipshots Are Typically Used To Drop The "E"-String Down To "D" On A Four String Bass. 20 Extended Range Approaches Some Bassists Have Used Other Types Of Tuning Methods To Obtain An Extended Range Or Other Benefits Such As Providing Multiple Octaves Of Notes At Any Given Position As Well As A Significantly Larger Tonal Range. Instrument Types Or Tunings Used For This Purpose Include Basses With Fewer Than Four Strings 1-String Bass Guitars 21 2-String Bass Guitars 3-String Bass Guitars E-A-D 22 Alternate Tunings E.G. Tenor Bass 23 Piccolo Bass 24 And Guitar-Tuned Basses 25 And 8 10 12 And 15-String Basses Which Built On The Same Principle As The 12-String Guitar Where The Strings Are Grouped Into "courses" Tuned In Unison Or Octaves To Be Played Simultaneously. 26 Extended Range Basses ERBs Are Basses With 6 7 8 9 10 11 Or 12 Strings Which Are Not Doubling Unisons Or Octaves. The 7-String Bass B-E-A-D-G-C-F Was Built By Luthier Michael Tobias In 1987. This Custom Instrument Commissioned By Bassist Garry Goodman Was An Early Example Of A Bass With More Than Six Single Course Strings. Goodman Developed A Special Playing Technique Requiring Seven Or More Strings. Conklin Builds 8- And 9-String Basses. 27 The Guitarbass Is A 10-String Instrument With Four Bass Strings Tuned E-A-D-G And Six Guitar Strings Tuned E-A-D-G-B-E . 28 Luthier Michael Adler Built The First 11-String Bass In 2004 And Completed The First Single-Course 12-String Bass In 2005. Adler's 11- And 12-String Instruments Have The Same Range As A Grand Piano. Sub-Contra Basses Such As C#-F#-B-E "C#" Being At 17.32 Hz 29 Have Been Created 30 . 31 . Pickups And Amplification For More Information On Pickups See Pickup Music .
Magnetic Pickups Most Electric Bass Guitars Use Magnetic Pickups. The Vibrations Of The Instrument's Metal Strings Within The Magnetic Field Of The Permanent Magnets In Magnetic Pickups Produce Small Variations In The Magnetic Flux Threading The Coils Of The Pickups. This In Turn Produces Small Electrical Voltages In The Coils. These Low-Level Signals Are Then Amplified And Played Through A Speaker. Less Commonly Non-Magnetic Pickups Are Used Such As Piezoelectric Pickups Which Sense The Mechanical Vibrations Of The Strings. Since The 1990s Basses Are Often Available With Battery-Powered "active" Electronics That Boost The Signal And/or Provide Equalization Controls To Boost Or Cut Bass And Treble Frequencies. "P-" Pickups The "P" Refers To The Original Fender Precision Bass Are Actually Two Distinct Single-Coil Halves Wired In Opposite Direction To Reduce Hum Each Offset A Small Amount Along The Length Of The Body So That Each Half Is Underneath Two Strings. Less Common Is The Single-Coil "P" Pickup Used On The 1951 Fender Precision Bass 32 "J-" Pickups Referring To The Original Fender Jazz Bass Are Wider Eight-Pole Pickups Which Lie Underneath All Four Strings. J Pickups Are Typically Single-Coil Designs But Because One Is Wired Opposite To The Other When Used At The Same Volume They Have Hum Canceling Properties. Humbucker Dual Coil Pickups Are Found In Gibson Music Man And Other Basses. They Have Two Signal Producing Coils Which Are Reverse Wound Around Opposed Polarity Magnets. This Significantly Reduces Noise From Interference Compared To Single Coil Pickups. Humbuckers Also Often Produce A Higher Output Level Than Single Coil Pickups. "Soapbar" Pickups Get Their Name Due To Their Resemblance To A Bar Of Soap And Originally Referred To The Gibson P-90 Guitar Pickup. The Term Is Now Also Used To Describe Any Pickup With A Rectangular Shape And No Visible Pole Pieces. They Are Commonly Found In ERB Basses. EMG Now Makes A Soapbar Pickup That Has Both A Single Coil And A Humbucker In The Same Pickup. The Player Switches Between The Two By Pulling Or Pushing On The Volume Knob. Many Basses Have Just One Pickup Typically A "P" Or Soapbar Pickup. Multiple Pickups Are Also Quite Common Two Of The Most Common Configurations Being A "P" Near The Neck And A "J" Near The Bridge E.G. Fender Precision Bass Special Fender Precision Bass Plus Or Two "J" Pickups E.G. Fender Jazz . 33 The Placement Of The Pickup Greatly Affects The Sound With A Pickup Near The Neck Joint Thought To Sound "fatter" Or "warmer" The Bass Frequencies Being Dominant While A Pickup Near The Bridge Is Thought To Sound "tighter" Or "sharper" Providing A Larger Amount Of Treble . Usually Basses With Multiple Pickups Allow Blending Of The Output From The Pickups Providing For A Range Of Timbres. Sound Demonstrations Of The Tonal Effects Of Varying Blends Of The P And J Pickups Are Demonstrated At The Following Link. Non-Magnetic Pickups * Piezoelectric Pickups Are Non-Magnetic Pickups That Produce A Different Tone Often Similar To That Of An Acoustic Bass And Allow Bassists To Use Non-Ferrous Strings Such As Nylon Brass Or Even Silicone Rubber. Piezoelectric Pickups Use A Transducer Crystal To Convert The Vibrations Of The String Into An Electrical Signal. * Optical Pickups Are Another Type Of Non-Magnetic Pickup. They Use An LED To Optically Track The Movement Of The String Which Allows Them To Reproduce Low-Frequency Tones At High Volumes Without The "hum" Or Excessive Resonance Associated With Conventional Magnetic Pickups. Since Optical Pickups Lack High Frequencies They Are Commonly Paired With Piezoelectric Pickups To Fill In The Missing Frequencies. The Lightwave Company Builds Basses With Optical Pickups. Amplification And Effects Main Article Bass Instrument Amplification Like The Electric Guitar The Electric Bass Guitar Is Always Connected To An Amplifier For Live Performances. Electric Bassists Use Either A "combo" Amplifier Which Combines An Amplifier And A Speaker In A Single Cabinet Or An Amplifier And A Separate Speaker Cabinet Or Cabinets . In Some Cases When The Bass Is Being Used With Large-Scale PA Amplification It Is Plugged Into A "DI" Or "direct Box" Which Routes Their Signal Directly Into A Mixing Console And Thence To The Main And Monitor Speakers. For Some Recordings The Electric Bass Is Recorded Without The Use Of An Amplifier And Speakers By Connecting The Bass With The Mixing Board Using A "DI" While The Musician Listens To The Sound Of The Instrument Through Headphones. Various Electronic Bass Effects Such As Preamplifiers "stomp Box"-Style Pedals And Signal Processors And The Configuration Of The Amplifier And Speaker Can Be Used To Alter The Basic Sound Of The Instrument. In The 1990s And Early 2000s Signal Processors Such As Equalizers Distortion Devices And Compressors Or Limiters Became Increasingly Popular Additions To Many Electric Bass Players' Gear. Playing Techniques
Sitting Or Standing Most Bass Players Stand While Playing Although Sitting Is Also Accepted Particularly In Large Ensemble Settings Such As Jazz Big Bands Or In Acoustic Genres Such As Folk Music. It Is A Matter Of The Player's Preference As To Which Position Gives The Greatest Ease Of Playing And What A Bandleader Expects. When Sitting Right-Handed Players Can Balance The Instrument On The Right Thigh Or Like Classical Guitar Players The Left. Balancing The Bass On The Left Thigh Positions It In Such A Way That It Mimics The Standing Position Allowing For Less Difference Between The Standing And Sitting Positions. Technique The Electric Bass Guitar In Contrast To The Upright Bass Or Double Bass Is Played In A Similar Position To The Guitar That Is It Is Held Horizontally Across The Body. Notes Are Usually Produced By Pizzicato In Which The Strings Are Plucked By The Index And Middle Fingers And Sometimes With The Thumb Ring And Pinky Fingers As Well Or With A Pick Or Plectrum . Bassists Such As Lemmy From Motörhead Or Matt Freeman From Rancid And Operation Ivy May Use Picks To Obtain A More Articulate Attack For Speed Or Just Personal Preference. Although The Use Of A Pick Is Primarily Associated With Rock Picks Are Also Used In Other Styles. Jazz Bassist Steve Swallow Uses A Pick For Upbeat Or Funky Songs. Picks Can Be Used With Alternating Downstrokes And Upstrokes Or With All Downstrokes For A More Consistent Attack. A Bassist Usually Holds A Pick In A Fist-Like Grip With The Index And Thumb. Also Usually The Wrist Is Used But Sometimes For Tremolo Picking The Whole Arm Is Used. Some Bassists Use Their Fingernails To Play Flamenco-Style Such As John Entwistle Geddy Lee And Les Claypool. There Are Many Varieties Of Picks Available To A Bassist And Usually One Chooses One For Comfort Or For Tone. The Norm Is To Choose Heavy Picks That Range From 1.14 Mm – 3.00 Mm 3.00 Is Unusual . Picks Are Made With All Types Of Material For Tone Preference. Felt Picks Are Used To Emulate A Fingerstyle Tone. Bassists Trying To Emulate The Sound Of A Double Bass Sometimes Pluck The Strings With Their Thumb Or Fingers Rather Than A Plectrum And Use Palm-Muting To Create A Short "thumpy" Tone. Sting Performs Using His Thumb. James Jamerson An Influential Bassist From The Motown Era Played Intricate Bass Lines Using A Single Finger – His Index Finger Which He Called "The Hook." Depending On Where The String Is Plucked Different Timbres Are Produced. There Are Also Variations In How A Bassist Chooses To Rest The Right-Hand Thumb Or Left Thumb In The Case Of Left-Handed Players . A Player May Rest His Thumb On The Top Edge Of One Of The Pickups. One May Also Rest One's Thumb On The Side Of The Fretboard Which Is Especially Common Among Bassists Who Have An Upright Bass Influence. Some Bassists Anchor Their Thumbs On The Lowest String And Move It Off To Play On The Low String. Alternatively The Thumb Can Be Rested Loosely On The Strings To Mute The Unused Strings. Early Fender Models Came With A "thumbrest" Attached To The Pickguard Below The Strings. Contrary To Its Name This Was Not Used To Rest The Thumb But To Rest The Fingers While Using The Thumb To Pluck The Strings. The Thumbrest Was Moved Above The Strings In 1970s Models And Eliminated In The 1980s. "Slap And Pop" And Tapping Main Article Slapping The Slap And Pop Method Which Is A Mainstay Of Funk Uses Tones And Percussive Sounds Achieved By Thumping Or "slapping" A String With The Thumb And Snapping Or "popping" A String Or Strings With The Index Or Middle Fingers. Bassists Often Interpolate Left Hand-Muted "dead Notes" Between The Slaps And Pops To Achieve A Rapid Percussive Effect. Larry Graham Of Sly And The Family Stone And Graham Central Station Was An Early Innovator Of The Slap Style And Louis Johnson Of The The Brothers Johnson Is Also Credited As An Early Slap Bass Player. Slap And Pop Style Is Also Used By Many Bassists In Other Genres Such As Rock E.G. J. J. Burnel And Les Claypool And Fusion E.G. Marcus Miller Victor Wooten And Alain Caron . Slap Style Playing Was Popularized Throughout The 1980s And Early 1990s By Pop Bass Players Such As Mark King From Level 42 And Funk-Rock Bassists Such As Flea From The Red Hot Chili Peppers And Alex Katunich From Incubus . Wooten Popularized The "double Thump " In Which The String Is Slapped Twice On The Upstroke And A Downstroke For More Information See Classical Thump . In The Two-Handed Tapping Style Bassists Use Both Hands To Play Notes By Rapidly Pressing And Holding The String To The Fret. This Makes It Possible To Play Contrapuntal Lines Chords And Arpeggios. Bassist John Entwistle Of The Who Would Tap Percussively On The Strings Causing Them To Strike The Fretboard With A Twangy Sound To Create Drum-Style Fills. Some Players Noted For This Technique Include Billy Sheehan Stuart Hamm John Myung Victor Wooten Les Claypool And Michael Manring. The Chapman Stick And Warr Guitars Are String Instruments That Are Designed To Be Played Using Two-Handed Tapping. Another Rarely-Used Playing Technique Related To Slapping Is The Use Of Wooden Dowel "funk Fingers" An Approach Popularized By Tony Levin. Use In Contemporary Classical Music The Electric Bass Guitar Has Occasionally Been Used In Contemporary Classical Music Art Music Since The Late 1960s. American Composers Using Electric Bass In The 1960s Included Experimental Classical Music Composer Christian Wolff Born 1934 Electric Spring 1 1966 Electric Spring 2 1966/70 Electric Spring 3 1967 And Untitled 1996 Francis Thorne A Student Of Paul Hindemith At Yale University Born 1922 Who Wrote Liebesrock 1968–69 And Krzysztof Penderecki Cello Concerto No. 1 1966/67 Rev. 1971/72 The Devils Of Loudun 1969 Kosmogonia 1970 And Partita 1971 Louis Andriessen Spektakel 1970 De Staat 1972-76 Hoketus 1976 De Tijd 1980-81 And De Materie 1984-1988 . European Composers Who Began Scoring For The Bass Guitar In The 1960s Included Danish Composer Pelle Gudmundsen-Holmgreen Born 1932 Symfoni På Rygmarven 1966 Rerepriser 1967 And Piece By Piece 1968 Irwin Bazelon Churchill Downs 1970 . In The 1970s Electric Bass Was Used By The American Conductor- Composer Leonard Bernstein 1918 – 1990 For His MASS 1971 . American Jazz Pianist Dave Brubeck Used Bass Guitar For His 1971 Piece Truth Has Fallen. Russian And Soviet Composer Alfred Schnittke Used The Instrument For His Epic Symphony No. 1 1972. In 1977 David Amram Born 1930 Scored For Electric Bass In En Memoria De Chano Pozo. David Amram Is An American Composer Known For His Eclectic Use Of Jazz Ethnic And Folk Music. In The 1980s And 1990s Electric Bass Was Used In Works By Hans Werner Henze El Rey De Harlem 1980 And Il Ritorno D'Ulisse In Patria 1981 Harold Shapero On Green Mountain Chaconne After Monteverdi 1957 Orchestrated 1981 Steve Reich's Electric Counterpoint 1987 Wolfgang Rihm Die Eroberung Von Mexico 1987-91 Arvo Pärt Miserere 1989/92 Sofia Gubaidulina Aus Dem Stundenbuch 1991 Giya Kancheli Wingless 1993 John Adams I Was Looking At The Ceiling And Then I Saw The Sky 1995 And Scratchband 1996/97 And Michael Nyman Many Works For The Michael Nyman Band . Electric-Bass Every artist, every band, and every song you can imagine, from the newest to the oldest, are easily accessible through Frogtoon Music. Get ready to indulge yourself and allow the music to enrich your soul, ignite your passion, awaken your emotions, and bring back some beautiful memories. The following is a directory of top artists and bands from Electric Bass: As you visit their pages, you will be presented with a list of popular videos, top tracks, recommended mixes, and music from all the albums they released. In addition, within each page, you can access and discover music from similar artists and bands.